Christian leaders in the northern Syrian city of Raqqa, captured by an
organization formerly affiliated with al-Qaeda, have signed a submission
document this week banning them from practicing Christianity in public
in return for protection by their Islamis.
The document, dated Sunday and disseminated
through Islamist Twitter accounts, states that the Christian community
in the province of Raqqa, captured last March by the Islamic State of
Iraq and the Levant (ISIS), was recently given three options: to convert
to Islam; to remain Christian but pledge submission to Islam; or to
“face the sword.” They opted for the second of those choices, known
as dhimmitude.
Earlier this month, al-Qaeda’s central command distanced itself from ISIS, saying it was “not a branch of al-Qaeda.”
The authenticity of the document, displaying
the stamp of al-Qaeda, could not be independently verified. The
signatures of 20 Christian leaders at the bottom of the document said to
have been party to the agreement were blotted out, ostensibly at their
own request.
According to classic Islamic law, Christians and Jews living under Muslim sovereignty must pay a tax known as jizya in return for the Muslim ruler’s protection, known as dhimma.
Ibrahim Al-Badri
The Christians of Raqqa chose to sign the dhimma treaty
over war, the document stated, receiving a commitment by local ISIS
commander Ibrahim Al-Badri, also known as Abu Bakr Al-Baghdadi, not to
be subjected to physical harm or religious targeting.
In return, the Christians agreed to a list of conditions: to abstain
from renovating churches or monasteries in Raqqa; not to display crosses
or religious symbols in public or use loudspeakers in prayer; not to
read scripture indoors loud enough for Muslims standing outside to hear;
not to undertake subversive actions against Muslims; not to carry out
any religious ceremonies outside the church; not to prevent any
Christian wishing to convert to Islam from doing so; to respect Islam
and Muslims and say nothing offensive about them; to pay the jizya
tax worth four golden dinars for the rich, two for the average, and one
for the poor, twice annually, for each adult Christian; to refrain from
drinking alcohol in public; and to dress modestly.
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